Orthodontic treatment can only begin when the teeth and gums are in a state of health. Food particles and plaque naturally accumulate on the teeth and can lead to tooth decay and/or gum disease. Plaque that stays on the teeth for long periods can become calcified and turn into calculus. Calculus is firmly attached to the teeth and can only be removed by your dentist or hygienist. (Dr. Boyd recommends that you get a complete dental checkup and cleaning prior to beginning orthodontic treatment.) Once orthodontic treatment has begun, please see your dentist every 4-6 months for checkups and cleaning.